The Watchers

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Mysterious Lovejoy comets

In the last few years, several of the comets discovered by astronomer Terry Lovejoy have provided astronomers on Earth with dramatic and unexpected displays.

From the astonishing 2011 journey of comet c/2011 W3, which survived perihelion just 140,000 km above the Sun’s surface, to the recent observation of rapid changes in the plasma tail of comet C/2013 R1. What does the electric universe tell us about these puzzling comet discoveries?

Source: The Thunderbolts Project

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Inuit elders tell NASA Earth axis shifted

The Inuit Tribe are indigenous people who live in the Canadian Arctic, Greenland, Siberia and Alaska. Their elders have written to the National Space and Aeronautics Administration (NASA) to tell them that the Earth's axis has shifted. The elders do not believe that carbon emissions from humans are causing the current climate changes.

The sky has changed, claim Inuit elders

The Inuit elders note climate change in the melting glaciers, deterioration of sealskin, burns on seals, and disappearing sea ice. They attribute these changes in climate to changes in the sky. The tribal elders claim that the sun no longer rises where it used to rise. The days heat up more quickly and last longer. The stars and moon are also in different places in the sky and this affects the temperatures. This is a population that relies on the placement of the moon and stars for their survival as they live in total darkness during part of the year.

The elders say they can no longer predict the weather, as they have been able to in the past...

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Dawn spacecraft arrives at dwarf planet Ceres

NASA's Dawn spacecraft has reached dwarf planet Ceres and achieved orbit around it on Friday, March 6, 2015. Dawn was approximately 61 000 km (38 000 miles) away from Ceres when it was captured by its gravity at about 12:39 UTC.

Mission controllers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) received a signal from the spacecraft at 13:36 UTC that Dawn was healthy and thrusting with its ion engine, the indicator Dawn had entered orbit as planned.

"Since its discovery in 1801, Ceres was known as a planet, then an asteroid and later a dwarf planet," said Marc Rayman, Dawn chief engineer and mission director at JPL. "Now, after a journey of 4.9 billion km (3.1 billion miles) and 7.5 years, Dawn calls Ceres, home."

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Strange behavior of Antarctic noctilucent clouds

The southern noctilucent clouds (NLCs) season is over now, but looking back over the entire season reveals something unexpected.

In an 8-year plot of the Antarctic noctilucent cloud frequencies, the 2014/15 season is clearly different from the rest, SpaceWeather reports.

"This past season was not like the others," notes Cora Randall, a member of the AIM science team and the chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at the University of Colorado.

"The clouds were much more variable, and there was an enormous decrease in cloud frequency 15 to 25 days after the summer solstice. That's when the clouds are usually most abundant."

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Night sky guide for March 2015

With fireball season underway there are many reports of bright fireballs coming in from all over the world, the latest coming from India on February 27. The season will last until April. 

Total solar eclipse will occur on March 20 when the Moon will completely block the Sun. The path of totality for this eclipse will be limited to the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans between Greenland and northern Russia.

On the same day, at 22:45 UTC, March Equinox will occur. The Sun will shine directly on the equator and there will be nearly equal amounts of day and night throughout the world. This is also the first day of spring (vernal equinox) in the Northern Hemisphere and the first day of fall (autumnal equinox) in the Southern Hemisphere.

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Two craters found after bright fireball explodes over Kerala, India

A bright fireball accompanied by sonic boom was seen and recorded falling from the sky over Kerala, India on Friday, February 27, 2015. The fireball left behind orange trail as it descended.

The phenomenon reportedly happened at around 17:00 UTC (22:30 local time) and lasted for a few seconds in many parts of Kerala, including Ernakulam, Vypin, Paravoor, Kolenchery, Fort Kochi, Willington Island, Thrissur, Palakkad, Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Kozhikode, Malappuram and Kannur.

Some people reported they felt minor earthquake in many parts of Ernakulam, including Fort Kochi, Vypin, Willington Island and Kolenchery, but authorities said seismographs recorded no such thing

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Astronomers find newborn stars at the edge of the Milky Way galaxy

A team of Brazilian astronomers led by Denilso Camargo of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul have made a remarkable discovery, a cluster of stars forming on the very edge of the Milky Way galaxy. This is the first time astronomers have found stars being born in such a remote location.

Our galaxy has a barred spiral shape, with arms of stars, gas and dust winding out from a central bar. Viewed from the side, it would appear relatively flat, witm most of the material in a disc and the central regions.

Stars form inside massive and dense clumps of gas in so-called giant molecular clouds (GMCs) that are mainly located in the inner part of the galactic disc. With many clumps in a single GMC, most (if not all) stars are born together in clusters.

Denilso’s team looked at data from NASA’s orbiting Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) observatory. They not only found GMCs thousands of light years above and below the galactic disc, but that one of them unexpectedly contained two clusters of stars.

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Nishino-shima has grown more than 11 times in size since eruption started, Japan

An underwater volcanic eruption in the Ogasawara Islands archipelago gave rise to a new Pacific Ocean island in late November 2013.

The new island, named Niijima, was about 500 meters from Nishino-shima at the time, another volcanic island that last erupted and expaned in 1973/74.

Image credit: Japan Coast Guard (December 1, 2013)

The two islands soon merged into one and have grown more than 11 times in size by today.

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Galactic magnetic fields

New observation techniques increase galactic field mapping accuracy.

The LOw-Frequency ARray, (LOFAR) is a radio interferometer, or radio telescope, made up of several observing stations in Europe. Signals received at the various observing stations are digitally integrated into a phased array, which is a collection of dipole antennas that can be individually energized, causing them to go in or out of phase. This allows radio astronomers to adjust the various antennas, combining their sensitivity and providing a substantial field of view. In the past, large radio telescopes needed to be pointed at different observation positions, which increased their noise levels. LOFAR does not move, so is a more highly attuned instrument in the 10-240 megahertz range.

Galactic magnetic fields were discovered more than 50 years ago. How those fields are generated continues to be a mystery. What gives them their shape and their strength?

According to a recent press release, astronomers using LOFAR observed Galaxy M51, otherwise known as the Whirlpool Galaxy...

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More mysterious craters found in northern Russia

Several months after a huge black hole was found in Yamal peninsula, Siberia, Russia, researchers say they have found more suspicious-looking craters and lakes and have called for 'urgent' investigation of the new phenomenon.

The Siberian Times writes that until now, only three large craters were known about in northern Russia with several scientific sources speculating last year that heating from above the surface due to unusually warm climatic conditions, and from below, due to geological fault lines, led to a huge release of gas hydrates, so causing the formation of these craters in Arctic regions. 

"We know now of seven craters in the Arctic area," respected Moscow scientist Professor Vasily Bogoyavlensky said. "Five are directly on the Yamal peninsula, one in Yamal Autonomous district, and one is on the north of the Krasnoyarsk region, near the Taimyr peninsula." 

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